SOREN Student Sports & Health Open Researches e-Journal: New-Approaches

Neuromarketing is a branch of neuroscience research that aims to better understand the consumer of goods or services through unconscious processes and in sports marketing to explain the preferences, motivations, and expectations of the sports consumer, predict behavior and explain success or failure messages Used for sports advertising. A review of related articles shows that the use of neural imaging tools has the potential to provide valuable insights into the sports consumer and its intentions, and can develop sports marketing research. In this regard, the present study begins with the analysis of gaps in traditional marketing research. Then, examines and discusses the advantages and limitations of using these relatively new alternative methods, such as neuroimaging or brain signal analysis in sports neuro-marketing research. Also, it provides insights for research in this field by providing an overview of neural marketing techniques to researchers in the field of sports. Finally, this research concludes by predicting the evolutionary needs of using these tools.

Successful sports marketing begins with understanding why and how consumers behave. To be successful in sports marketing, we need to incorporate the impact of important psychological variables into our research and decisions so that we can properly analyze consumer behavior. The behavior of a sports consumer in the face of a product or service depends entirely on her/his mind. Neuromarketing can detect conscious and unconscious reactions in people's minds. Traditional marketing, unlike neural research, does not have the ability to detect these emotions. In neural methods, unlike the traditional method, the unconscious causes of buying and the effect that advertising has on people's minds over time are discovered. This article has been done based on reviewing studies in the field of neural marketing in order to increase awareness and knowledge of this field in sports. Based on previous studies, it can be said that neural sports marketing from an empirical perspective is done in four groups: consumer decision making and the formation of consumer preferences, brain reward system interaction with marketing, consumer motivational and emotional responses, and neural foundations of memory. This emerging discipline connects neuroscience to sports consumer behavior, which, despite its perceived benefits, is still in its infancy in sports research. Now the future of neural marketing science is in a new field. Therefore, this study presents new concepts and research proposals in the field of sports.

Dietary supplements are widely used today in the hope that they can promote health. Micronutrient deficiencies due to malnutrition are common problems that threaten public health. As a principle, improving the quality of the diet plays a key role in preventing the effects of micronutrient deficiencies. But on the other hand, taking dietary supplements containing essential vitamins and minerals in certain age groups can also help solve this problem. For example, the administration of folic acid in women of childbearing age and pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects, vitamin D in Infants and children or calcium in addition to vitamin D in the elderly have a proven role in improving skeletal health. Given the prevalence of non-communicable diseases as a global problem, especially cancers and cardiovascular diseases, as the main causes of death, it has been suggested that taking vitamin-mineral supplements can help prevent these diseases and can be effective. But the beneficial effects of taking vitamin supplements in recent years in the prevention of these diseases are widely discussed and doubted, especially in people with high quality diets. In this article we have tried to summarize the scientific evidence based on which we can provide evidence-based recommendations to the public.

Background and aim: Unfortunately, some people have abused medical advances, and doping drug is a major problem that modern societies are facing. This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of energizers and supplement use and their side effects among young adults in Ilam.

Methods: This study was performed in fitness clubs by random sampling method. Data were collected by a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The correlation coefficient between the two operational periods was 0.78. The data were analyzed by using SPSS software at a significant level of 5%.

Results: The numbers of 784 cases were studied who reported 50.3% use of different supplements, 35.5% use doping drugs. 64.5% reported at least one of the side effects. The results show a significant increase in supplements usage in the first three years of athletes. Using supplements and doping drugs is more common in professional athletes.

Conclusion: Specialized training education on the side effects of supplements and drugs at an earlier age and the first years of entering the clubs can have a better impact on reducing consumption.

Background and aim: Futsal is one of the sports that is progressing every day in the field of training design and recognizing the best training to improve performance is one of the most important parts of this sport. The aim of this study was to compare two novel training methods, Game Profile-Based Training (GPBT) and Repeated Sprints Ability (RSA) on performance indices and lactate levels in female futsal players.

Methods: Fourteen trained futsal players with mean training history (4.84±3.28 years) and mean age (17.4±1.54 years) were divided into two groups: GPBT (n=7) and RSA (n=7). All participants in the four-week study performed two training methods. Rast-test, Bulk-test, T-test, RSA-test, and futsal special performance tests were used to collect data on performance, and lactate levels were measured immediately after the bulk-test.

Results: The aerobic capacity of both groups increased significantly within the group, but the difference between the groups was not significant (P=0.337). Anaerobic capacity was significant only in the RSA group (P=0.001) and no difference between groups (P=0.073). Agility and the specific performance had similar results within the group and between groups (P=0.012 for agility and P=0.015 for futsal special performance test) showed significantly. The results of lactate showed that only changes were significant in the GPBT group and no significant difference was observed between groups (P=0.33).

Conclusion: It is recommended that coaches who plan to prepare futsal players during competitions use these training methods to increase the efficiency and improve the performance of futsal players.

Background and aim: Human resources are one of the most valuable capitals of every organization. There are a variety of factors that can affect and damage expertise and knowledge. For example, individual differences and personality types can be an important factor in the severity of burnout. This research aims to study the relationship between personality dimensions and job burnout among the employees of physical education administration in Kermanshah province.

Methods: Individuals were surveyed by completing questionnaires on job burnout and Eysenck personality characteristics. After data collection and statistical analysis using SPSS statistical software, a multi-variant regression statistic model was used to forecast job burnout through personality characteristics.

Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between personality characteristics and job burnout at the level of α = 0.01. In other words, it is possible to forecast job burnout through personality characteristics.

Conclusion: According to the findings, it is recommended to pay attention to personal characteristics and personality type. Based on that, the possibility of special planning to prevent the occurrence of job tensions due to the mismatch of the individual's characteristics with his/her job to be studied. In this way, the person can do his/her job in a job position commensurate with his personality characteristics.

Background and aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived organizational support (POS) with expert's organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of national olympic and paralympic academy (NOPA) in I.R. Iran.

Methods: The present research method was descriptive as a correlation type. The used instruments were two questionnaires including perceived organizational support (Eisenberger et al., 1990) and organizational citizenship behavior (Podsakoff et al., 1990). Their validity and reliability were estimated through specialist idea and Cronbach alpha coefficient (respectively α = 0/859 and 0/936). In addition, data analysis was done using descriptive statistical methods and inferential statistics (k-s test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression).

Results: The results showed that OCB Mean was higher than POS. There is a significant and positive relationship between POS and OCB and its dimensions except sportsmanship (P < 0/01). In addition, perceived organizational support was significant predictor for organizational citizenship behavior and its dimensions except sportsmanship (P < 0/01).

Conclusion: Appropriate policies and strategies should be enforced by academy's management in order to improve POS to create an organizational climate that fosters OCB.

Background and aim: When analyzing students' satisfaction and happiness, one should consider the importance of physical activity and sport as dominant factors. The aim of this study was to investigate happiness and satisfaction among students participating in individual and team disciplines of sports festivals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 1400.

Methods: The subjects included 346 students participating in individual sports and 355 students participating in team sports. To achieve the objectives of the study, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire was used, and its validity and reliability were confirmed by experts. After extracting the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) and independent T-test were used to compare the level of happiness and its related factors.

Results: The results showed that the factors of self-esteem and efficiency of both groups are on the same level, but the level of life satisfaction, mental health, and positive mood of students participating in team sports is higher than students participating in individual sports.

Conclusion: Based on the results, the happiness of students participating in team sports was higher than students participating in individual sports.