Memory-Enhancing Properties of Hypericum Scabrum Essential Oil in a Rat Model of Dementia Effects of Hypericum scabrum essential oil on memory
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Vol. 15 No. 4 (2019),
1 October 2019
,
Page 95-106
https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v15.40471
Abstract
Hypericum species are known to be used in traditional therapies. H. scabrum L. is one of the Hypericum species distributed in Turkey. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Hypericum scabrum essential oil
inhalation on spatial memory in scopolamine-induced amnesic rats. The essential oil was characterized by GCFID and GC-MS system. Male wistar rats were divided into 6 groups: control; scopolamine-alone treated; diazepam-treated (positive control); tramadol-treated (positive control); scopolamine with Hypericum scabrum essential oil 1%-treated; and scopolamine with Hypericum scabrum essential oil 3%-treated group. All rats were tested behaviorally to evaluate spatial memory peformances in Y-maze task and radial-arm maze task. The most abundant component of the essential oil was identified as α-pinene (51.3%). Hypericum scabrum essential oil application significantly improved spatial memory as compared to scopolamine-alone treated rats as evidenced by increases in spontaneous alternation behavior in Y-maze task and decreases in the number of working memory errors and reference memory errors in the radial-arm maze task in this study. Hypericum scabrum essential oil inhalation could be used as a complementary therapy to reduce memory impairments in the patients with dementia and related diseases.
Keywords:
- Alpha-pinene
- Hypericum scabrum essential oil
- memory
- radial-arm maze
- scopolamine
- Y-maze
How to Cite
Sur, T. M. ., Akbaba, E., & Bagci, E. . (2019). Memory-Enhancing Properties of Hypericum Scabrum Essential Oil in a Rat Model of Dementia: Effects of Hypericum scabrum essential oil on memory. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15(4), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijps.v15.40471
References
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[14] Bradley BF, Starkey NJ, Brown SL, Lea RW.The effects of prolonged rose odor inhalation in two animal models of anxiety. Physiol. Behav. (2007) 92:931–938.
[15] Hritcu L, Bagci E, Aydin E, Mihasan M.Antiamnesic and Antioxidants Effects of Ferulago angulata Essential Oil Against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Laboratory Rats. Neurochem.Res. (2015) 40: 1799–1809.
[16] Aydin E, Hritcu L, Dogan G, Hayta S, Bagci E. The Effects of Inhaled Pimpinella peregrina Essential Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression in Laboratory Rats. Mol Neurobiol. (2016) 53: 6557–6567.
[17] Cioanca O, Hritcu L, Mihasan M, Trifan A, Hancianu M. Inhalation of coriander volatile oil increased anxiolytic-antidepressant-like behaviors and decreased oxidative status in beta-amyloid (1-42) rat
model of Alzheimer’s disease. Physiol. Behav.(2014)131:68–74.
[18] Da Silva ER, Bizzo HR, Fernandes PD, Da Veiga Junior VF, Leitão SG, de Oliveira DR. Development and evaluation of an inhalation chamber for in vivo tests. An Acad Bras Cienc. (2017) 89:1643–1653.
[19] Tozlu E, Cakir A, Kordali S, Tozlu G, Ozer H,
Aytas Akcin T. Chemical compositions and
insecticidal effects of essential oils isolated from
Achillea gypsicola, Satureja hortensis, Origanum
acutidens and Hypericum scabrum against broadbean
weevil (Bruchus dentipes). Sci. Hortic. (2011) 130: 9-
17.
[20] Ghasemi Pirbalouti A, Fatahi-Vanani M,
Craker L, Shirmardi H. Chemical composition and
bioactivity of essential oils of Hypericum
helianthemoides. Hypericum perforatum and
Hypericum scabrum. Pharm Biol. (2014) 52: 175-181.
[21] Dadkhah A, Roshanaei K, Fatemi F, Kazemi
M, Alipour M, Abdolmohammadi MH. Biological
Properties of Iranian Hypericum Scabrum Essential
oil and Hydroalcoholic Extract From Alamut Mountain. J. Essent. Oil-Bearing Plants (2014) 17:
186–195.
[22] Morteza-Semnani K, Saeedi M, Changizi S.
The essential oil composition of Hypericum scabrum
L. from Iran. Flavour Fragr. J. (2006) 21: 513–515.
[23] Cao Z, Wang F, Xiu C, Zhang J, Li Y.
Hypericum perforatum extract attenuates behavioral,
biochemical, and neurochemical abnormalities in
Aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer’s disease rats.
Biomed. Pharmacother. (2017) 91: 931–937.
[24] Sezer Senol F, Orhan IE, Ozgen U, Renda G,
Bulut G, Guven L, et al. Memory-vitalizing effect of
twenty-five medicinal and edible plants and their
isolated compounds. South African J. Bot. (2016) 102:
102–109.
[25] Khalifa AE. Hypericum perforatum as a
nootropic drug: enhancement of retrieval memory of a
passive avoidance conditioning paradigm in mice. J
Ethnopharmacol. (2001) 76: 49–57.
[26] Kumar V, Singh PN, Muruganandam AV,
Bhattacharya SK. Effect of Indian Hypericum
perforatum Linn on animal models of cognitive
dysfunction. J Ethnopharmacol. (2000) 72: 119–128.
[27] Ganji A, Salehi I, Nazari M, Taheri M,
Komaki A. Effects of Hypericum scabrum extract on
learning and memory and oxidant/antioxidant status in
rats fed a long-term high-fat diet. Metab Brain Dis.
(2017) 32: 1255–1265.
[28] Lee G-Y, Lee C, Park GH, Jang J-H.
Amelioration of Scopolamine-Induced Learning and
Memory Impairment by α-Pinene in C57BL/6 Mice.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2017)2017.
[29] Memariani Z, Sharifzadeh M, Bozorgi M,
Hajimahmoodi M, Farzaei MH, Gholami M, et al.
Protective effect of essential oil of Pistacia atlantica
Desf. on peptic ulcer: role of α-pinene. J. Tradit.
Chinese Med. (2017) 37: 57–63.
[30] Chen W, Liu Y, Li M, Mao J, Zhang L, Huang
R, et al. Anti-tumor effect of α-pinene on human
hepatoma cell lines through inducing G2/M cell cycle
arrest. J. Pharmacol. Sci. (2015) 127: 332–338.
[31] Hong E-J, Na K-J, Choi I-G, Choi K-C, Jeung
E-B. Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Essential
Oils from Coniferous Trees. Biol. Pharm. Bull. (2004)
27: 863–866.
[32] Bouzenna H, Hfaiedh N, Giroux-Metgesa M-A,
Elfeki A, Talarmin H. Potential protective effects of
alpha-pinene against cytotoxicity caused by aspirin in
the IEC-6 cells. Biomed. Pharmacother. (2017) 93:
961–968.
[33] Montes M, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Two-liquidphase
mesophilic and thermophilic biotrickling filters
for the biodegradation of α-pinene. Bioresour
Technol. (2010)101: 9493–9499.
[34] Haselton AT, Acevedo A, Kuruvilla J, Werner
E, Kiernan J, Dhar P. Repellency of α-pinene against
the house fly, Musca domestica. Phytochemistry
(2015) 117: 469–475.
[35] Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Bonilla-Jaime H,
Gómez-Cansino R, Reyes-Chilpa R. Linalool and β-
pinene exert their antidepressant-like activity through
the monoaminergic pathway. Life Sci. (2015)128:24-
29.
[36] Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Gómez-Cansino R,
García-Zebadúa JC, Jiménez-Pérez NC, Reyes-Chilpa
R. Antidepressant activity of Litsea glaucescens
essential oil: Identification of β-pinene and linalool as
active principles. J. Ethnopharmacol. (2012)143: 673-
679.
[37] Nascimento KF, Moreira FMF, Alencar Santos
J, Kassuya CAL, Croda JHR, Cardoso CAL, et al.
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and
antimycobacterial activities of the essential oil of
Psidium guineense Sw. and spathulenol. J.
Ethnopharmacol. (2018) 210: 351–358.
[38] Jivad N, Rabiei Z. A review study on
medicinal plants used in the treatment of learning and
memory impairments. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed.
(2014) 4: 780–789.
[2] Neha, Sodhi RK, Jaggi AS, Singh N. Animal models of dementia and cognitive dysfunction. Life Sci. (2014)109: 73–86.
[3] Dulmen S, Smits L, Eide H. Filling in memory gaps through emotional communication; promising pathways in caring for persons with dementia. Patient Educ. Couns. (2017)100: 2121–2124.
[4] Stites SD, Rubright JD, Karlawish J. What features of stigma do the public most commonly attribute to Alzheimer’s disease dementia? Results of a survey of the U.S. general public. Alzheimer’s Dement. (2018)14: 925–932.
[5] Pistollato F, Iglesias RC, Ruiz R, Aparicio S,Crespo J, Lopez LD, et al. Nutritional patterns associated with the maintenance of neurocognitive functions and the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: A focus on human studies. Pharmacol. Res.(2018) 131: 32–43.
[6] Napoli E, Siracusa L, Ruberto G, Carrubba A,Lazzara S, Speciale A, et al. Phytochemical profiles,phototoxic and antioxidant properties of eleven Hypericum species – A comparative study.Phytochemistry (2018) 152: 162–73.
[7] Morshedloo MR, Ebadi A, Maggi F, Fattahi R,Yazdani D, Jafari M. Chemical characterization of the essential oil compositions from Iranian populations of Hypericum perforatum L. Ind. Crops Prod. (2015) 76:
565–73.
[8] Bertoli A, Çirak C, Seyis F. Hypericum spp.volatile profiling and the potential significance in the quality control of new valuable raw material.Microchem. J. (2018) 136: 94–100.
[9] Liu R, Su Y, Yang J, Wang A. Polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum scabrum.Phytochemistry (2017)142:38–50.
[10] Tozlu E, Cakir A, Kordali S, Tozlu G, Ozer H,Aytas Akcin T. Chemical compositions and insecticidal effects of essential oils isolated from Achillea gypsicola, Satureja hortensis, Origanum acutidens and Hypericum scabrum against broadbean weevil (Bruchus dentipes). Sci Hortic. (2011) 130:9–17.
[11] Li B, Wang YH, Liu HT, Xu YX, Wei ZG,Chen YH, et al. Genotyping of acetylcholinesterase in insects. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. (2010) 98: 19–25.
[12] Tan ECK, Johnell K, Garcia-Ptacek S,Haaksma ML, Fastbom J, Bell JS, et al.Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and risk of stroke and death in people with dementia. Alzheimer’s Dement.(2018)1–8.
[13] Zanandrea R, Abreu MS, Piato A, Barcellos LJG, Giacomini ACV V. Lithium prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairment in zebrafish. Neurosci Lett. (2018) 664: 34–37.
[14] Bradley BF, Starkey NJ, Brown SL, Lea RW.The effects of prolonged rose odor inhalation in two animal models of anxiety. Physiol. Behav. (2007) 92:931–938.
[15] Hritcu L, Bagci E, Aydin E, Mihasan M.Antiamnesic and Antioxidants Effects of Ferulago angulata Essential Oil Against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Laboratory Rats. Neurochem.Res. (2015) 40: 1799–1809.
[16] Aydin E, Hritcu L, Dogan G, Hayta S, Bagci E. The Effects of Inhaled Pimpinella peregrina Essential Oil on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment, Anxiety, and Depression in Laboratory Rats. Mol Neurobiol. (2016) 53: 6557–6567.
[17] Cioanca O, Hritcu L, Mihasan M, Trifan A, Hancianu M. Inhalation of coriander volatile oil increased anxiolytic-antidepressant-like behaviors and decreased oxidative status in beta-amyloid (1-42) rat
model of Alzheimer’s disease. Physiol. Behav.(2014)131:68–74.
[18] Da Silva ER, Bizzo HR, Fernandes PD, Da Veiga Junior VF, Leitão SG, de Oliveira DR. Development and evaluation of an inhalation chamber for in vivo tests. An Acad Bras Cienc. (2017) 89:1643–1653.
[19] Tozlu E, Cakir A, Kordali S, Tozlu G, Ozer H,
Aytas Akcin T. Chemical compositions and
insecticidal effects of essential oils isolated from
Achillea gypsicola, Satureja hortensis, Origanum
acutidens and Hypericum scabrum against broadbean
weevil (Bruchus dentipes). Sci. Hortic. (2011) 130: 9-
17.
[20] Ghasemi Pirbalouti A, Fatahi-Vanani M,
Craker L, Shirmardi H. Chemical composition and
bioactivity of essential oils of Hypericum
helianthemoides. Hypericum perforatum and
Hypericum scabrum. Pharm Biol. (2014) 52: 175-181.
[21] Dadkhah A, Roshanaei K, Fatemi F, Kazemi
M, Alipour M, Abdolmohammadi MH. Biological
Properties of Iranian Hypericum Scabrum Essential
oil and Hydroalcoholic Extract From Alamut Mountain. J. Essent. Oil-Bearing Plants (2014) 17:
186–195.
[22] Morteza-Semnani K, Saeedi M, Changizi S.
The essential oil composition of Hypericum scabrum
L. from Iran. Flavour Fragr. J. (2006) 21: 513–515.
[23] Cao Z, Wang F, Xiu C, Zhang J, Li Y.
Hypericum perforatum extract attenuates behavioral,
biochemical, and neurochemical abnormalities in
Aluminum chloride-induced Alzheimer’s disease rats.
Biomed. Pharmacother. (2017) 91: 931–937.
[24] Sezer Senol F, Orhan IE, Ozgen U, Renda G,
Bulut G, Guven L, et al. Memory-vitalizing effect of
twenty-five medicinal and edible plants and their
isolated compounds. South African J. Bot. (2016) 102:
102–109.
[25] Khalifa AE. Hypericum perforatum as a
nootropic drug: enhancement of retrieval memory of a
passive avoidance conditioning paradigm in mice. J
Ethnopharmacol. (2001) 76: 49–57.
[26] Kumar V, Singh PN, Muruganandam AV,
Bhattacharya SK. Effect of Indian Hypericum
perforatum Linn on animal models of cognitive
dysfunction. J Ethnopharmacol. (2000) 72: 119–128.
[27] Ganji A, Salehi I, Nazari M, Taheri M,
Komaki A. Effects of Hypericum scabrum extract on
learning and memory and oxidant/antioxidant status in
rats fed a long-term high-fat diet. Metab Brain Dis.
(2017) 32: 1255–1265.
[28] Lee G-Y, Lee C, Park GH, Jang J-H.
Amelioration of Scopolamine-Induced Learning and
Memory Impairment by α-Pinene in C57BL/6 Mice.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. (2017)2017.
[29] Memariani Z, Sharifzadeh M, Bozorgi M,
Hajimahmoodi M, Farzaei MH, Gholami M, et al.
Protective effect of essential oil of Pistacia atlantica
Desf. on peptic ulcer: role of α-pinene. J. Tradit.
Chinese Med. (2017) 37: 57–63.
[30] Chen W, Liu Y, Li M, Mao J, Zhang L, Huang
R, et al. Anti-tumor effect of α-pinene on human
hepatoma cell lines through inducing G2/M cell cycle
arrest. J. Pharmacol. Sci. (2015) 127: 332–338.
[31] Hong E-J, Na K-J, Choi I-G, Choi K-C, Jeung
E-B. Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Essential
Oils from Coniferous Trees. Biol. Pharm. Bull. (2004)
27: 863–866.
[32] Bouzenna H, Hfaiedh N, Giroux-Metgesa M-A,
Elfeki A, Talarmin H. Potential protective effects of
alpha-pinene against cytotoxicity caused by aspirin in
the IEC-6 cells. Biomed. Pharmacother. (2017) 93:
961–968.
[33] Montes M, Veiga MC, Kennes C. Two-liquidphase
mesophilic and thermophilic biotrickling filters
for the biodegradation of α-pinene. Bioresour
Technol. (2010)101: 9493–9499.
[34] Haselton AT, Acevedo A, Kuruvilla J, Werner
E, Kiernan J, Dhar P. Repellency of α-pinene against
the house fly, Musca domestica. Phytochemistry
(2015) 117: 469–475.
[35] Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Bonilla-Jaime H,
Gómez-Cansino R, Reyes-Chilpa R. Linalool and β-
pinene exert their antidepressant-like activity through
the monoaminergic pathway. Life Sci. (2015)128:24-
29.
[36] Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Gómez-Cansino R,
García-Zebadúa JC, Jiménez-Pérez NC, Reyes-Chilpa
R. Antidepressant activity of Litsea glaucescens
essential oil: Identification of β-pinene and linalool as
active principles. J. Ethnopharmacol. (2012)143: 673-
679.
[37] Nascimento KF, Moreira FMF, Alencar Santos
J, Kassuya CAL, Croda JHR, Cardoso CAL, et al.
Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and
antimycobacterial activities of the essential oil of
Psidium guineense Sw. and spathulenol. J.
Ethnopharmacol. (2018) 210: 351–358.
[38] Jivad N, Rabiei Z. A review study on
medicinal plants used in the treatment of learning and
memory impairments. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed.
(2014) 4: 780–789.
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